University of Phoenix Critical and Creative Thinking Discussion

The initial stage of cognitive development, defined as dualism by Perry (1970), is defined by Thoma (1993) as: “characterized by a view that objective and immutable answers exist for most questions and that authorities or experts know or can discover the eternal truths. The dualism, students hold a black or white, right or wrong, view of the world and have little tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. Knowledge is regarded as timeless and absolute. Learning is viewed as a process of the transmission of facts and truths from the teacher to the student.”

Paul and Elder (2014) refer to habitual thinking as biased, distorted, partial, uninformed, and often downright prejudiced. Everyone is biased. Any one person’s view is always partial, partisan, and problematic (Eisenberg, Goodall, & Tretheway, 2014).

Write a 250- to 300-word response to the following:

• How can I retarget the mechanism I use to spot bias in others and to spot the bias in myself?
• What is the experience of switching perspectives like for me?
• How fully am I able to inhabit the perspective of another?