SMC Ozone Short Identification & Environmental Challenges Discussion

Hello,

Specific instructions have been put onto here as an attachment and pasted here. Thank you!

PLEASE NOTE THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS.

WRITE YOUR ANSWERS IN A WORD PROCESSING DOCUMENT (WORD OR TEXT). DO NOT WRITE FOR MORE THAN ONE HOUR. MAXIMUM PAGE LENGTH IS SIX DOUBLE-SPACED 8 1?2 BY 11 INCH PAGES, NOT INCLUDING SPACES BETWEEN ANSWERS.

EXAM ANSWERS MUST BE TURNED IN ON THE “TURNITIN” ASSIGNMENTS FOLDER FOR THE MIDTERM EXAMINATION.

Part A. Short identification (20 minutes, 33.3% of grade) (choose four of the following, five minutes each):

For each item, please (1) describe what it is, and (2) comment on its context and wider significance (e.g., what an institution does, implications for environmental policy or environmental outcomes).

Aldo Leopold cap-and-trade Geoengineering Anthropocene

pollution hotspot

singular non-linear events
command and control
Particulates
National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Representative Concentration Pathways

Copan
methane
ozone
Los Angeles Department of

Water and Power nitrous oxide

Part B. Essay questions. (Answer two of the following questions. Fifteen minutes will be allocated per question. Each answer counts for 25% of your grade.)

1. In visiting California in the midst of the wildfire crisis this month, President Trump asserted “I don’t think science knows” about climate change and its effects. Taking two major events predicted by the IPCC in its reports on global climate change, explain what science does know about them. Describe the framework the IPCC used to assign probabilities to these events, and the probabilities assigned to the two events you have chosen. How certain is the science on each point, and what are the sources of uncertainty? What risks do the Cal-adapt and Surging Seas

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2.

3.

websites show from any of these events in Southern California? Finally, using at least one specific example, discuss how Al Gore’s explanation of climate change differed from that of the IPCC. Was Gore’s account really inaccurate? Whether accurate or not, was it justified?

What environmental challenges did earlier civilizations like the Maya face? Why were they often unable to overcome them? How do contemporary global environmental challenges differ from those; are they the same, or do we now confront different challenges? What lessons can be drawn from these earlier challenges, and from the history of Los Angeles itself, about how to overcome environmental challenges today?

What is the tragedy of the commons? Discuss how our in-class experiment demonstrated this problem, referring to the results from your section and comparing with the other three sections. How did our exercise suggest that the tragedy might be overcome? What implications does our exercise on the commons have for addressing global environmental challenges like climate change?

Part C. Analysis of a data graph (Ten minutes, 16.7% of grade)

Attached is a graph from the Gapminder exercise. Please: 1) describe what data is portrayed in the graph, 2) analyze what the graph shows about the relationships in the data, and 3) assess the implications of these relationships for global policymaking toward climate change.