BIO 120 Valhalla High School Comparative Vertebrate Structure Lab Worksheet

Worksheet #5

Ch. 2 General Chemistry

Please write your answer in RED or another color.

Practice Reading Periodic Table:

For the following atoms answer the following: What is the atomic number? What is the atomic mass? How many protons and how many neutrons does the atom have?

1. Lithium
2. Sulfur
3. Aluminum
4. Oxygen
5. Nitrogen
6. Chlorine

Identify the element with an atomic mass of 102.9

Identify the element with atomic number of 115

Identify the element with 53 protons

Identify the element with symbol Hg

Carbon Isotopes:

For the different isotopes of Carbon,

What is the atomic number? What is the atomic mass? How many protons and neutrons for each?

Distribution of Electrons:

The number of electrons in each atom depends on its atomic number (same as number of protons)

For the following elements, list the number of electrons that would be present in each electron shell. Example: oxygen has 2 electrons in the first shell, 6 electrons in the second shell.

1. Helium

2. Boron

3. Silicon

4. Fluorine

Types of Chemical Bonds:

List the types of chemical bonds from strongest to weakest. How are each of the bonds held together?

1. What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms?

This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s).

A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms.

Water and Hydrogen Bonds:

How are water molecule connected by hydrogen bonds? –hint: think polarity

Hydrophilic Vs. Hydrophobic:

What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds?

Give an example of a hydrophilic compound

Give an example of a hydrophobic compound

pH:

What has a higher pH number, an acid or a base?

What substance is neutral on the pH scale?

Why are buffers important in the human body? How do buffers work?